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The three-act structure is a model used in screenwriting that divides a fictional narrative into three parts, often called the Setup, the Confrontation and the Resolution. == Structure == The first act is usually used for exposition, to establish the main characters, their relationships and the world they live in. Later in the first act, a dynamic, on-screen incident occurs that confronts the main character (the protagonist), whose attempts to deal with this incident lead to a second and more dramatic situation, known as the first turning point, which (a) signals the end of the first act, (b) ensures life will never be the same again for the protagonist and (c) raises a dramatic question that will be answered in the climax of the film. The dramatic question should be framed in terms of the protagonist's call to action, (Will X recover the diamond? Will Y get the girl? Will Z capture the killer?).〔Trottier, David: "The Screenwriter's Bible", pp. 5–7. Silman James, 1998.〕 This is known as the ''inciting incident'', or ''catalyst.'' As an example, the inciting incident in the 1972 film ''The Godfather'' is when Vito Corleone is shot, which occurs approximately 40 minutes into the film. The second act, also referred to as "rising action", typically depicts the protagonist's attempt to resolve the problem initiated by the first turning point, only to find him- or herself in ever worsening situations. Part of the reason protagonists seem unable to resolve their problems is because they do not yet have the skills to deal with the forces of antagonism that confront them. They must not only learn new skills but arrive at a higher sense of awareness of who they are and what they are capable of, in order to deal with their predicament, which in turn changes who they are. This is referred to as ''character development'' or a ''character arc''. This cannot be achieved alone and they are usually aided and abetted by mentors and co-protagonists.〔 The third act features the resolution of the story and its subplots. The climax is the scene or sequence in which the main tensions of the story are brought to their most intense point and the dramatic question answered, leaving the protagonist and other characters with a new sense of who they really are.〔 == Interpretations == In ''Writing Drama'', French writer and director Yves Lavandier shows a slightly different approach.〔(Excerpt on the three-act structure ) from Yves Lavandier's ''Writing Drama''〕 He maintains that every human action, whether fictitious or real, contains three logical parts: before the action, during the action, and after the action. Since the climax is part of the action, Yves Lavandier believes the second act must include the climax, which makes for a much shorter third act than what is found in most screenwriting theories. A short third act (quick resolution) is also fundamental to traditional Japanese dramatic structure, in the theory of jo-ha-kyū. Sarah Jane Murray (SJ), an Emmy-nominated writer & producer, also professor at Baylor University, explores why the three-act structure matters in her book, ''Three Act What? Great Story Structure'' (published by (Livingston+McKay, LLC ) in the Nibbles series). Murray argues the three-act structure, inherited from Aristotle and adopted throughout the centuries by great writers, is essential to crafting stories of enduring value. She recapitulates the standard industry story beats and elucidates how the three-act structure (the idea that every great story must have a beginning, middle, and end) translates to writing for film. For example, she notes that act one should not be thought of in terms of exposition, but, rather, in terms of setting up the values at stake in the story world. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Three-act structure」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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